Our compilation for Ardahan, not an official route. Two clusters make it up, and they are far enough apart that mixing them would mean driving the same road twice.

Çıldır is the first. The lake is the largest freshwater lake of eastern Anatolia, high, frozen in winter and fished in all four seasons, and above the village of Yıldırımtepe stands Şeytan Kalesi, a medieval Georgian castle whose name — the castle of evil spirits — was translated from the Georgian after the Ottomans took the region.

The town of Ardahan is the second, and everything in it is close together: the castle in the middle of the town, known from the old name of the place as Parakani; the Ramazan redoubt on Yıldızlı Dağ, built as a dome rather than in the usual manner; and Cemal Tural, a Scots pine and birch woodland on the city's edge with a mammal list — bear, lynx, wolf, roe deer — striking for a park this close to houses. The Hamşioğlu Rasim Bey mansion belongs with this group, and it matters for more than its Baltic-style stonework: the first two congresses of the Ardahan National Council met inside it.

Our inventory holds no position for that mansion yet, so read the grouping as a shape rather than a schedule. What each place is, and who says so, is on its own page.